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Friday, September 27
 

9:59am HST

Consumer Horticulture and Master Gardeners 2 (CHMG 2)
Friday September 27, 2024 9:59am - 11:45am HST
Evaluating Knowledge Gained from Extension Education Provided in a Citizen-Science Gardening Project - Celina Gomez
Using Citizen Science to Evaluate Cultivar Preferences of Compact Tomato Plants - Michael Fidler
Extension Master Gardeners and Pollinator Research: The Challenges and Benefits - Pam Bennett
Utilizing Facebook and Instagram to Distribute a Residential Horticultural Needs Assessment - Claude Judy Jean
Exploring the Ethical Viewpoints of Proplifiting Among Consumers - Leandria Garrett
Consumer Perceptions of Climate-Smart Products - Abigail Lauterbach
Setting Priorities for Managing Extension Work and Home Life - Esther McGinnis

Moderator
avatar for Esther McGinnis

Esther McGinnis

Extension Horticulturist/Director of the Extension Master Gardener Program, North Dakota State University
I am an Associate Professor within the Department of Plant Sciences and the Director of the NDSU Extension Master Gardener Program.
Friday September 27, 2024 9:59am - 11:45am HST
South Pacific 1

10:00am HST

CHMG 2 - Evaluating Knowledge Gained from Extension Education Provided in a Citizen-Science Gardening Project
Friday September 27, 2024 10:00am - 10:15am HST
A citizen-science gardening project was conducted in 2023 with 300 participants from Indiana, Iowa, and Tennessee, who were recruited to compare three cultivars of compact tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants in an 18-week experiment. The study used a pre- and post-test format where participants were asked 15 questions that assessed their confidence levels about pest management, healthy cooking, and safe handling and preservation of home-grown tomatoes. Monthly educational sessions were delivered virtually by Extension faculty at Land-grant institutions from each state, covering the aforementioned topics. The pest-management session was the most popular with 81 live participants and 207 views of the video recording. This was followed by the healthy-cooking session with 67 live participants and 129 views. Participation and views of the last session that focused on safe handling and preservation were lower (58 live participants and 43 views), likely attributed to decreases in engagement throughout the project, or due to relevancy, as not all gardeners engage in produce preservation. At the end of the project, 224 participants completed questions from both surveys enabling an evaluation of knowledge gained. Overall, a positive increase in mean scores was measured across all questions, indicating that participants gained knowledge from the Extension programing provided. The largest knowledge increases were observed for pest-management questions, ranging from 6% to 20%. Most other questions had an increase of 1% to 8%, except those pertaining to knowledge about the use of canning and freezing methods, and food-safety practices for preservation, with 16% and 13% increases, respectively. The largest differences in confidence levels between pre- and post-test responses were found in questions about implementing control strategies for garden pests, using eco-friendly pest management methods, and reducing food waste, for which “very confident” responses changed from 10% to 82%, 14% to 76%, and 11% to 41%, respectively. Similarly, for all three questions, “not very confident” responses decreased from an average of 12% to 0%. However, there was a shift in confidence for a question regarding food-safety practices for preservation, with “very confident” responses decreasing from 57% to 35% and “not very confident” responses increasing from 0.5% to 5%. This suggests participants may have overestimated their knowledge initially. Our findings demonstrate the positive impact of Extension education on gardening-related knowledge and highlight the value of collaboration between university researchers, Extension faculty, and stakeholders as citizen scientists.
Speakers
CG

Celina Gomez

Purdue University
Co-authors
CH

Cynthia Haynes

Iowa State University
KM

Karen Mitchell

Purdue University
NA
MF

Michael Fidler

Purdue University
NB

Natalie Bumgarner

University of Tennessee
Friday September 27, 2024 10:00am - 10:15am HST
South Pacific 1

10:15am HST

CHMG 2 - Using Citizen Science to Evaluate Cultivar Preferences of Compact Tomato Plants
Friday September 27, 2024 10:15am - 10:30am HST
Citizen science can be used as a research method to evaluate consumer preferences in horticulture. In 2023, 300 participants from Indiana, Iowa, and Tennessee were recruited to grow three cultivars of compact tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants started from seed or as transplants in an 18-week experiment. The cultivars evaluated were Cocoa, Red Robin, and Micro Tom. After completing a pre-experiment survey to characterize demographics and gardening experience levels, participants were provided with a plant kit containing all materials required to complete the experiment. Participant engagement was maintained using a social-media community page, monthly virtual educational sessions, and frequent email communications. At the end of the experiment, 203 participants had completed the post-experiment survey focused on evaluating cultivar and plant-type preferences. Furthermore, three focus group sessions with six random participants each were conducted to further assess survey responses. Cocoa was the preferred cultivar by 41% of participants, followed by Red Robin at 31%. Cultivar preferences of plants started from seed followed the same trend for appearance, fruit number, and fruit taste. However, growth and appearance of ‘Red Robin’ transplants were ranked higher than ‘Cocoa’. Approximately 70% of participants preferred plants started as transplants compared to those from seed, regardless of cultivar. These preferences were attributed to the higher yield, better growth and perceived fruit taste, and lower maintenance required to use transplants. Overall, 69% of participants reported they would be willing to pay between $1.00 to $7.49 more for a transplant of their favorite cultivar compared to currently available tomato plants at local nurseries. Findings from the focus group sessions indicated participants liked the potential gift-use of these compact cultivars, and their versatility to be used in different gardening spaces such as kitchen countertops or windowsills. Results from this study indicate potential consumers value appearance, fruit yield, and fruit taste when selecting compact tomato cultivars, whereas ease of care and plant growth are more important factors when choosing a plant type.
Speakers
MF

Michael Fidler

Purdue University
Co-authors
CG

Celina Gomez

Purdue University
CH

Cynthia Haynes

Iowa State University
KM

Karen Mitchell

Purdue University
NA
MK

Melinda Knuth

North Carolina State University
NB

Natalie Bumgarner

University of Tennessee
Friday September 27, 2024 10:15am - 10:30am HST
South Pacific 1

10:30am HST

CHMG 2 - Extension Master Gardeners and Pollinator Research: The Challenges and Benefits
Friday September 27, 2024 10:30am - 10:45am HST
Extension Master Gardeners (EMGs) have participated in a variety of citizen science projects providing new knowledge. This knowledge acquisition may not occur without the assistance of EMGs. Research projects that are focused on consumer horticulture challenges are not typically given a high priority by those who financially support scientific research in consumer horticulture. Therefore, researchers turn to EMGs as citizen scientists to assist with consumer horticulture research. In 2022, Ohio State University partnered with the Cincinnati Zoo and Botanic Garden, Dawes Arboretum, and Ohio EMGs to evaluate 10 cultivars of native plants to determine if they were attractive to pollinators. EMGs were tapped to monitor the cultivars and collect data on abundance and diversity of species. Thirteen Ohio counties with EMG programs were involved in this research along with the partners. The first year of data collection was a pilot year and the second year was the first year for data analysis. In this session you will learn about the steps involved in this research project as well as the challenges addressed and benefits to both the EMGs and the consumer. You will also learn about the results of the research.
Speakers
avatar for Pam Bennett

Pam Bennett

State Master Gardener Program Director, Associate Professor, Ohio State University
Friday September 27, 2024 10:30am - 10:45am HST
South Pacific 1

10:45am HST

CHMG 2 - Utilizing Facebook and Instagram to Distribute a Residential Horticultural Needs Assessment
Friday September 27, 2024 10:45am - 11:00am HST
Homeowners and gardeners source their landscape education from various media outlets and social media platforms. Leveraging the substantial following of the UF/IFAS Master Gardener social media page, which boasts over 40,000 followers, presents a unique opportunity to discern the horticultural education needs of homeowners and their preferred dissemination methods. In 2023, a Qualtrics horticultural needs assessment survey was developed and distributed via Facebook and Instagram to followers. Prior to survey distribution, an Institutional Review Board was completed and approved under the non-human/exempt auto-determination tool. The Qualtrics needs assessment comprised twelve questions covering topics such as horticultural interests, availability, and preferred learning platforms. Four visually engaging posts were shared, two each in December 2023 and January 2024. Of these posts, 309 respondents agreed to participate in the study. Our findings aligned with current gardening trends, with homeowners expressing a need for information on native plants, pollinators, vegetable gardening, and invasives. Among respondents, 21% favored online classes over 15% for in-person classes. Additionally, digital documents were preferred by 18% of respondents compared to 14% for print documents. Notably, 20% of respondents expressed a preference for short online videos for receiving horticultural information. Survey participants were also queried on their preferred time of year for attending classes, both in person and online, with no clear preference observed. Regarding in-person classes at local extension offices, 54% indicated willingness to attend, while 11% were unaware of their local extension office's location. When asked about their interactions with Master Gardener Volunteers, 31% reported satisfaction, 12% dissatisfaction, and 48% had not interacted with a Florida Master Gardener Volunteer. Interestingly, 62% of respondents expressed a preference for garden-related content on YouTube. While the response rate was relatively low, it suggests that direct email or in-person approaches might have yielded more productive results. Nonetheless, the findings are compelling, indicating a promising direction for extension programming in the digital age. They underscore the potential benefits of transitioning towards short-form video content and utilizing platforms like YouTube to effectively meet homeowners' horticultural education needs. Overall, the study illuminates the evolving landscape of horticultural education and underscores the importance of adapting dissemination strategies to better engage homeowners in the digital realm.
Speakers
CJ

Claude Judith Jean

University of Florida
Friday September 27, 2024 10:45am - 11:00am HST
South Pacific 1

11:00am HST

CHMG 2 - Exploring the Ethical Viewpoints of Proplifiting Among Consumers
Friday September 27, 2024 11:00am - 11:15am HST
In recent years, the trend of owning and propagating houseplants has steadily grown. Consumers find this hobby to be relaxing and find it rewarding when their cuttings successfully grow roots and new leaves. Because of the ease that propagation gives us to clone plants, many people are exploring methods to acquire more plants for free. One common method is through proplifting. Proplifting is the habit of stealing plant material for the practice of creating new plants; this is done through collecting discarded material (leaves, nodes, roots, seed), or by stealing parts of a plant that are still attached. While proplifting appears harmless, it is important to consider all factors, such as how it might affect the business, non-profit, or individual that one is taking this plant material from. Additionally, taking protected plant material – such as from plants that are being grown from conservation efforts – could drastically harm the preservation of a species. This national survey looks at how consumers view the ethics around proplifting and the degree to which they would consider a situation to be ethically acceptable or unacceptable.
Speakers
LG

Leandria Garrett

University of Georgia
Co-authors
avatar for Julie Campbell

Julie Campbell

University of Georgia
Friday September 27, 2024 11:00am - 11:15am HST
South Pacific 1

11:15am HST

CHMG 2 - Consumer Perceptions of Climate-Smart Products
Friday September 27, 2024 11:15am - 11:30am HST
Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA) is a broad term referring to agricultural production methods which aim to increase productivity whilst building resiliency to the threats associated with climate change and mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. Examples include cover cropping, conservation tillage, agroforestry, and any other methods which support climate change adaptation and mitigation. A critical yet still understudied component of the advancement of CSA lies in understanding how consumers perceive and interact with climate-smart commodities, and with nearly two-thirds (65%) of Americans believing that climate change is a global emergency, a need to investigate what qualities they attribute to “climate-smart” commodities became clear. This study investigates the perceptions of “climate-smart” commodities amongst American consumers through a national survey with consideration of demographic impacts on definitions. Survey questions investigated if consumers were familiar with CSA, what production qualities they perceived as “climate-smart,” and if they were interested in climate-smart commodities. Questions about production methods were categorized into the three main pillars of CSA set forth by the FAO: adaptation, mitigation, and sustainable intensification. The implications for far-reaching climate-smart food policies, marketing/promotional decisions, and sustainability education efforts for Americans are discussed.
Speakers
AL

Abigail Lauterbach

The University of Georgia
Co-authors
avatar for Julie Campbell

Julie Campbell

University of Georgia
Friday September 27, 2024 11:15am - 11:30am HST
South Pacific 1

11:30am HST

CHMG 2 - Setting Priorities for Managing Extension Work and Home Life
Friday September 27, 2024 11:30am - 11:45am HST
Extension careers are uniquely challenging for work/life balance. Extension professionals frequently work with stakeholders outside the university and spend a significant amount of time traveling to give presentations and build relationships. In consumer horticulture, an added stress is that most educational programming is scheduled for evenings and weekends. Overflowing email inboxes further compound the stress. High rates of exhaustion and burnout have been documented in Extension professionals. The problem is one of high demand and limited resources. Extension professionals are expected to navigate the problem of scarce resources by individually setting priorities and saying no to low impact requests. A new prioritization method will be introduced that is based upon real estate appraisal law. The highest and best use analysis can be adapted for setting priorities for the busy Extension professional regardless of career stage. This session will emphasize amending position descriptions to articulate clear boundaries, setting aside time to be physically and mentally rested, and prioritizing high impact projects. The highest and best use analysis is meant to be customized for each individual and takes into account unique traits such as introversion/extroversion, age, and topic expertise.
Speakers
avatar for Esther McGinnis

Esther McGinnis

Extension Horticulturist/Director of the Extension Master Gardener Program, North Dakota State University
I am an Associate Professor within the Department of Plant Sciences and the Director of the NDSU Extension Master Gardener Program.
Friday September 27, 2024 11:30am - 11:45am HST
South Pacific 1

11:59am HST

Human Issues in Horticulture (HIH)
Friday September 27, 2024 11:59am - 1:15pm HST
Therapeutic Horticulture and Chronic Lower Back Pain: A Pilot Study at the University of Florida - Elizabeth Diehl
Integrating Developmentally Disabled Individuals Into the Oklahoma Green Industry Workforce - Mike Schnelle
The Effect of a Plant Distribution and Care Program on First-Year University Student Retention, Levels of Depression, Stress, Anxiety, and Loneliness - Srinivas Reddy Adama
Evaluating the Needs and Barriers of Commercial Fruit and Vegetable Growers in Southwest Puerto Rico: A Qualitative Approach - Angela Linares Ramirez
Soilborne Disease, Plant-parasitic Nematode, Insect Pest, and Weed Challenges Faced by High Tunnel Growers and Preferred Strategies to Overcome Those Challenges: Preliminary Results from a Kentucky Farmer Survey - Margarita Velandia
Gauging 8th Graders’ Knowledge of Organic Agriculture Production and Labeling Practices - Christine Coker
Speakers
avatar for Elizabeth Diehl

Elizabeth Diehl

Director of Therapeutic Horticulture, University of Florida
The mission of the University of Florida’s Therapeutic Horticulture Program at Wilmot Botanical Gardens is to improve lives through engaging with plants and nature. The program is situated at the nexus of the gardens’ commitment to patient care, education, and research, drawing... Read More →
Friday September 27, 2024 11:59am - 1:15pm HST
South Pacific 1

12:00pm HST

HIH - Therapeutic Horticulture and Chronic Lower Back Pain: A Pilot Study at the University of Florida
Friday September 27, 2024 12:00pm - 12:15pm HST
The specific aims of this pilot study were to 1) determine if and which patients, receiving care for chronic lower back pain (LBP) in the UF Health Comprehensive Spine Center, were interested in therapeutic horticulture to manage LBP, and 2) quantify changes in LBP, functional tasks, and anxiety upon completion of a therapeutic horticulture session. The study hypothesis was that individuals participating in the therapeutic horticulture intervention would demonstrate improvements in spine mobility and physical function as well as a reduction in spine pain severity from pre- to post-session. This was a two-part study with a mixed methods design including cross-sectional survey and pilot experimental components. Results revealed that 68% of patients were interested in learning about therapeutic horticulture for LBP. Among those patients who participated in the intervention, improvements were observed in anxiety, spine flexion, and spine rotation to the left.
Speakers
avatar for Elizabeth Diehl

Elizabeth Diehl

Director of Therapeutic Horticulture, University of Florida
The mission of the University of Florida’s Therapeutic Horticulture Program at Wilmot Botanical Gardens is to improve lives through engaging with plants and nature. The program is situated at the nexus of the gardens’ commitment to patient care, education, and research, drawing... Read More →
Friday September 27, 2024 12:00pm - 12:15pm HST
South Pacific 1

12:15pm HST

HIH - Integrating Developmentally Disabled Individuals Into the Oklahoma Green Industry Workforce
Friday September 27, 2024 12:15pm - 12:30pm HST
Horticulturists throughout the State of Oklahoma have a long history of interacting, mentoring, and often employing individuals with developmental disabilities. Young adults seeking vocational training in western Oklahoma have access to the Center of Family Love, Okarche, OK, whereas individuals and their families enjoy similar training opportunities in eastern Oklahoma utilizing services and programs offered by A New Leaf, Tulsa, OK metropolitan area. While not an exhaustive list of Oklahoma organizations that offer horticultural therapy and employment opportunities for the developmentally disabled, the two aforementioned businesses have a multidecade track record of successfully matching individuals' talents and skills with specific horticultural-type employment. Not only do clients/workers have opportunities to learn more about growing and marketing both ornamental and edible crops, but they also earn wages while being mainstreamed with the “growing public”. An overview of the genesis of these operations and how they have evolved over time will be highlighted. Lastly, examples will be outlined regarding how workers provide a learning opportunity for their clientele (consumers). Specifically, the public is exposed to and thus recognizes often overlooked value in people that have been wrongfully labeled and assumed not capable of commercial horticultural work activities/tasks, successful interaction with the public, and ultimately the ability to often acquire independent living skills.
Speakers
MS

Mike Schnelle

Oklahoma State University
Friday September 27, 2024 12:15pm - 12:30pm HST
South Pacific 1

12:30pm HST

HIH - The Effect of a Plant Distribution and Care Program on First-Year University Student Retention, Levels of Depression, Stress, Anxiety, and Loneliness
Friday September 27, 2024 12:30pm - 12:45pm HST
The retention and recruitment of freshmen students transitioning to higher education or transferring to new institutions represent significant challenges for universities nationwide. Research underscores the mental health challenges encountered by students upon entering higher education, highlighting the necessity for effective resolution strategies. This study aimed to assess the impact of a plant distribution and care program on first-year university student retention, as well as levels of depression, stress, anxiety, and loneliness. The study employed a treatment and control group, both of which underwent pretest and posttest assessments using the DASS-21 and UCLA Loneliness scale, along with demographic information and prior experiences with mental health issues and plants. Recruitment for both groups was conducted through convenience sampling across university students. The treatment group participated in an 8-week program where they received designated plants and were instructed to care for them within their dormitories using plant care tips provided through an online platform. Additionally, they engaged in greenhouse activities. Conversely, the control group underwent pretest and posttest assessments at the same intervals as the treatment group, without any intervention. Results revealed a significant improvement in mental health among participants in the treatment group, despite data collection coinciding with final semester exams. Conversely, the control group exhibited no discernible differences between pretest and posttest assessments. These findings suggest that houseplants may serve as a viable means to mitigate stress, depression, anxiety, and loneliness among incoming university students.
Speakers
avatar for Srinivas Reddy Adama

Srinivas Reddy Adama

Graduate Instructional Assistant, Texas State University
Co-authors
TW

Tina Waliczek Cade

Texas State University
Friday September 27, 2024 12:30pm - 12:45pm HST
South Pacific 1

12:45pm HST

HIH - Evaluating the Needs and Barriers of Commercial Fruit and Vegetable Growers in Southwest Puerto Rico: A Qualitative Approach
Friday September 27, 2024 12:45pm - 1:00pm HST
According to the 2017 Census of Agriculture, the gross value of sales of fruits and vegetables produced in Puerto Rico totaled $52,127,495. Over 60% of these sales were generated in the island’s two main fruit and vegetable-producing regions, namely $25,351,987 in Region 4-Ponce and $7,948,690 in Region 8-San Germán (Census of Agriculture, 2017). This study examined the needs, barriers, and sources of information used by farmers in those regions. We employed a multiple-case research design and conducted in-depth interviews with 15 growers with diverse backgrounds and experiences (e.g., members of agricultural cooperatives, beginning farmers with four years of operation, smallholder farmers with less than 10 acres, farmers with large operations exceeding 250 acres, women-led farms, and farms with different production systems, such as conventional, certified organic, and agroecology). The Theory of Planned Behavior informed the interview protocol to capture attitudes, social norms, and perceived behavioral control affecting farmers’ intentions to continue producing fruit and vegetables in the short and long term. This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board (UF-IRB: 202102464/ UPRM-IRB: 2023010008), and informed consent was obtained from all participants. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed using Thematic Analysis. Our preliminary results indicate that the main barriers include issues related to (i) climate variability, (ii) labor, and (iii) market pricing and commercialization. Growers particularly emphasized experiencing crop damage, yield reductions, and sales losses due to climate shocks such as erratic weather patterns, drought, extreme heat, and an increase in the prevalence and severity of insect pests. Concerning labor, growers reported challenges in recruiting and retaining qualified and skilled workers, citing the high cost and administrative burden associated with the H-2A temporary agricultural workers program. Farmers, regardless of scale or production system, expressed difficulties due to recurrent oversupply of similar crops in the market, leading to the acceptance of lower prices. Additionally, growers highlighted issues related to the reliability, efficiency, and lack of distribution channels. Regarding sustainability in their production systems, most participants expressed a need for more information and dissemination of sustainable pest management practices. Notably, farmers’ most frequently utilized sources of information included videos, technical bulletins, and blogs available on the web. Our findings offer valuable insights for designing future outreach programs, developing research priorities, and formulating funding initiatives, with a specific focus on enhancing fruit and vegetable production systems in Puerto Rico.
Speakers
AL

Angela Linares Ramirez

Professor, University of Puerto Rico
Friday September 27, 2024 12:45pm - 1:00pm HST
South Pacific 1

1:00pm HST

HIH - Soilborne Disease, Plant-parasitic Nematode, Insect Pest, and Weed Challenges Faced by High Tunnel Growers and Preferred Strategies to Overcome Those Challenges: Preliminary Results from a Kentucky Farmer Survey
Friday September 27, 2024 1:00pm - 1:15pm HST
Small farms in Kentucky use high tunnels (HTs) to help increase farm profitability and resilience and give them the ability to extend their growing season for year-round production of high-value specialty crops. Although HTs are semi-permanent structures, many are never moved due to land constraints, the time and labor required to move them, and because corner posts are often cemented into the ground to secure the structure from weather events. The continuous cropping in non-rotated soil can intensify pathogen, insect pest, and weed population densities. The multiple benefits of HTs may be reduced or disappear when soilborne pest pressure increases. We conducted a survey of Kentucky vegetable growers between January and March 2024 to assess production challenges faced when growing vegetables in high tunnels, specifically those related to soilborne diseases, plant-parasitic nematodes, insect pests, and weeds, and the preferred strategies to manage those challenges. We had a particular interest in assessing farmers' use or willingness to use soil solarization as a strategy to manage these issues in high tunnels. Farmers were surveyed using both web-based and mail versions of the survey. We targeted producers growing high-valued crops in their high tunnels, specifically tomato, lettuce, and leafy greens. Preliminary results suggest that common soilborne diseases faced by survey respondents include Sclerotinia spp. A large percentage of respondents indicated they have not had or they do not know if they have soilborne diseases or plant-parasitic nematodes. Regarding insect pests, the most common pests faced by survey respondents are aphids and whiteflies. Finally, common weed problems faced by survey respondents include pigweed, crabgrass, and chickweed. Common strategies used by respondents to address these problems include fungicides, insecticides, and hand weeding. Regarding soil solarization, only a small percentage of respondents are using or have used soil solarization. Nonetheless, more than 75% of those respondents who are not using or have not used soil solarization are willing to use soil solarization. The two most important reasons for wanting to use soil solarization include interest in using more environmentally friendly practices and the belief that soil solarization might be cheaper and more effective in managing weeds, insect pests, diseases and /or plant-parasitic nematodes in high tunnels.
Speakers
MV

Margarita Velandia

The University of Tennessee
NA
Co-authors
AW

Annette Wszelaki

The University of Tennessee
NA
RR

Rachel Rudolph

University of Kentucky
NA
SS

Susan Schexnayder

The University of Tennessee
NA
Friday September 27, 2024 1:00pm - 1:15pm HST
South Pacific 1

1:15pm HST

HIH - Gauging 8th Graders’ Knowledge of Organic Agriculture Production and Labeling Practices
Friday September 27, 2024 1:15pm - 1:30pm HST
Pathways2Possibilities (P2P) is an interactive career expo for 8th graders in Mississippi. P2P encompasses 19 career pathways. The Agriculture, Food and Natural Resources Career Pathway focuses on supporting life by ensuring that we are responsibly managing our food production and natural resources. This pathway focuses on preparing students for careers in planning, implementing, producing, managing, processing and marketing of agricultural goods and services. Gulf Coast P2P hosted nearly 7,000 8th graders from 10 Coastal counties in the fall of 2023. from 10 South Mississippi counties. Delta P2P hosted nearly 2,000 8th graders from 10 Delta counties in the spring of 2024. At each event, a six question survey was presented to the students to determine their knowledge of organic agriculture and labeling practices. Questions were posed as Yes or No and were answered by Red (no) or Blue (yes) tickets in opaque boxes. Students were given temporary fruit and vegetable tattoos for participating. The six questions and respective YES responses (by location GC for Gulf Coast and D for Delta) were as follows: 1) Are genetically modified organisms allowed in organic products? GC: 31%, D: 48%; 2) Are organic farmers allowed to use natural methods for pest control? GC: 92%, D: 65%; 3) Are organic farms typically smaller than conventional farms? GC: 63%, D: 65%; 4) Is organic farming regulated by the U.S. government to ensure organic food labels accurately represent the product’s authenticity? GC: 63%, D: 58%; 5) Are organic products labeled with a special certification to help consumers identify them in stores? GC: 81%, D: 79%; and 6) Do certifies organic products have to be produced on a certified organic farm? GC: 53%, D: 62%. Nearly 600 students participated in the Gulf Coast survey and approximately 400 students participated in the Delta survey. Results are mixed as to how much knowledge students have about organic agriculture production and labeling.
Speakers
avatar for Christine Coker

Christine Coker

Professor or Urban Horticulture, Mississippi State University
Co-authors
BB

Brenton Breland

Mississippi State University
HW

Haley Williams

Mississippi State University
JR

Jenny Ryals

Mississippi State University
ME

Mike Ely

Mississippi State University
NA
PK

Patricia Knight

Mississippi State University
NA
Friday September 27, 2024 1:15pm - 1:30pm HST
South Pacific 1

1:30pm HST

HIH - Growing Impact: Evaluating Global Investments in Fruit and Vegetable Production for Healthier Diets
Friday September 27, 2024 1:30pm - 1:45pm HST
Objective: The Horticulture Investment Study seeks to quantify and qualify public and private investments, alongside identifying challenges and opportunities in horticultural research and development, aimed at facilitating high-level policy engagement. This research is led by the Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Horticulture, in collaboration with the World Vegetable Center, the One CGIAR Initiative on Fruit and Vegetables for Sustainable Healthy Diets (FRESH), and various university partners. Background: Despite widespread recommendations to increase fruit and vegetable consumption—endorsed by 93% of Food-Based Dietary Guidelines—significant barriers remain. These include limited access, high costs, and entrenched dietary preferences, alongside inadequate global production that disproportionately impacts low-income and Global South populations. Addressing these issues is vital for enhancing nutrition and income, particularly through the empowerment of small-scale farmers in the Global South, where fruits and vegetables often represent women-managed crops. Methods: This study spans several countries including Cambodia, Philippines, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Benin, Ghana, Tanzania, Kenya, Guatemala, USA, and Germany. It employs a mixed-methods approach, beginning with a Delphi questionnaire distributed among key stakeholders from government, academia, international NGOs, and the private sector. Subsequent in-person workshops facilitate discussions on investment estimates and the dynamics of horticultural investments in each country. The inaugural workshop in Nairobi, Kenya, gathered 18 local experts who provided critical investment insights and validated the use of Delphi and Q methodologies for this study. Impact: The study aims to illuminate the economic and social impacts of investing in fruit and vegetable production, focusing on enhancing accessibility and affordability. It also addresses environmental considerations such as land use, aiming to support sustainable agricultural practices. By bridging gaps in horticultural investment, the study intends to foster supportive environments that enhance fruit and vegetable production and consumption, thus contributing to the Sustainable Development Goals. Conclusion: This study underscores the critical need for enhanced investment in horticulture to overcome systemic barriers to fruit and vegetable consumption, thereby improving global health and economic outcomes, especially for vulnerable populations in the Global South. The outcomes are expected to guide policy decisions and stimulate further research and development in the horticulture sector.
Speakers
EM

Erin McGuire

Director, University of California, Davis
Friday September 27, 2024 1:30pm - 1:45pm HST
South Pacific 1

1:59pm HST

Local Food Systems (LOCSY)
Friday September 27, 2024 1:59pm - 3:45pm HST
Sustainable Small Plot Farming and Entrepreneurship Training Program - Alexis Howard
Edible Weeds for Sustainable Food Systems: Pilot studies with emphasis on purslane - Roland Ebel
Louisiana Harvest of the Month – Promoting Local Food and Food Literacy - Carl Motsenbocker
Enhancing Food Security and Sovereignty: A Case Study of the University of Connecticut Federally Recognized Tribes Extension Program - Shuresh Ghimire
Response of Leafy Edibles Grown on an Extensive Greenroof Compared to Conventional Field Production - Kaitlyn M Lamaster
Diverse Internships as an Opportunity to Engage Underrepresented Students Into Local Food Systems - Angel Cruz
Food Policy and Food Security - Sophia Darrow
Sustainable Small Plot Farming and Entrepreneurship Training Program -Alexis Howard

Moderator
AC

Angel Cruz

North Carolina State University
Research Scholar at NC State University
Friday September 27, 2024 1:59pm - 3:45pm HST
South Pacific 1

2:00pm HST

LOCSY - Edible Weeds for Sustainable Food Systems: Pilot studies with emphasis on purslane
Friday September 27, 2024 2:00pm - 2:15pm HST
An interdisciplinary team at Montana State University (MSU) has initiated a project to evaluate the cultivation, commercialization, processing, and food use of the associated plant agrobiodiversity, or “edible weeds.” The project involves different food system stakeholders and targets underutilized/neglected edible plant species on local farms. In four pilot studies in Montana, conducted in 2023, we emphasized common purslane (Portulaca oleracea) as a model edible weed due to its abundance in local horticultural systems, its relatively limited competition with crops, and rich data on nutritional properties. Annual common purslane exhibits a versatile habitat range, including gardens, crop fields, and orchards. The hermaphroditic plant is self-fertile, flowers from June to September, thrives in well-drained soils, and requires direct sunlight. While considered a weed across the US, purslane is cultivated in diverse countries due to its culinary and medicinal attributes. Stems and leaves are consumed raw and cooked, in salads, sauces, or soups. Purslane also serves as a thickening agent due to mucilaginous properties. The succulent leaves are abundant sources of omega-3 fatty acids. In our first study, we monitored edible weeds on 3 farms in Bozeman, Montana. Purslane exhibited its highest occurrence in emerging carrot crops and on freshly tilled beds. In our second study, we sampled 35 weed species on 7 vegetable farms across Montana. Purslane had a relative abundance of 6.52% and was found in kale, onions, carrots, and bean plots. In our third study, we conducted a sensory test among attendees of the MSU Presidential Luncheon. We presented 3 purslane products: compound herb butter, cornbread muffin, and blueberry compote. 42 attendees responded to an online survey on their overall quality, flavor, and texture. All products were perceived positively with a rate of 7.5 to 7.7 on a Likert-scale from 1 (dislike extremely) to 9 (like extremely). 52% of participants had never thought about eating edible weeds. Finally, for 2 days, a Mexican restaurant in Bozeman, offered 2 traditional dishes, purslane with pork in green salsa and chicken in red salsa. Participants responded to an online and paper survey with a questionnaire similar to the one for the luncheon. Out of 53 validated responses, dishes were assessed with an average of 8.17 (chicken) and 8.53 (pork) on a 1-9 Likert-scale. Over 90% of respondents considered purslane an appropriate vegetable for these dishes. Our findings indicate potential of selectively weeding purslane from vegetable production systems and consumer interest in the vegetable.
Speakers
avatar for Roland Ebel

Roland Ebel

Assistant Professor, Montana State University
Roland Ebel has a Ph.D. in Organic Farming, granted by the University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna. His dissertation project on the diversification if organic tomato systems was conducted in Gran Canaria, Spain. From 2008 to 2014, Dr. Ebel was a member of the Agroecology... Read More →
Co-authors
EK

Emma Kubinski

Montana State University
NA
FM

Fabian Menalled

Montana State University
NA
WK

Wan-Yuan Kuo

Montana State University
NA
Friday September 27, 2024 2:00pm - 2:15pm HST
South Pacific 1

2:15pm HST

LOCSY - Louisiana Harvest of the Month – Promoting Local Food and Food Literacy
Friday September 27, 2024 2:15pm - 2:30pm HST
The Louisiana Harvest of the Month (HOM) is program that is intended to introduce locally grown food such as fruit and vegetables one time per month to schools. The program started as a pilot program in 2015 in three schools in Louisiana and expanded statewide in 2017. The HOM program is currently in 720 schools around the state and is also used by other programs such as Louisiana 4H. The HOM program highlights a local food item designated by schools with monthly materials such as HOM posters, activity sheets, coloring pages, recipes, sample newsletters, taste test guide and “I tried it stickers,” classroom activities and lessons linked to state standards, all available free of charge. There are 21 HOM items currently available to participants with a majority of the HOM items locally available fruits and vegetables, along with rice, and several proteins (crawfish, catfish, shrimp). The newest additions to the HOM portfolio of resources are short (12 to 14 minute) videos produced by Louisiana Public Broadcasting that are targeted to elementary school children. The videos highlight farmers and fishers on location for each HOM and also provide a section in the use of the local product in the kitchen and demonstrate recipes. There are currently 18 HOM videos and their popularity is demonstrated by some having been accessed over ten thousand times on YouTube and Facebook. Data from the HOM program will be presented including data on the use of the program and program analytics.
Speakers
CM

Carl Motsenbocker

Professor, Executive Director Louisiana Farm to School Program, Louisiana State University
Dr. Carl Motsenbocker is a professor of horticulture and sustainable agriculture at Louisiana State University. Motsenbocker is Executive Director of the Louisiana Farm to School Program and teaches Organic Gardening, Sustainable Agriculture and Vegetable Crops at LSU. Motsenbocker... Read More →
Co-authors
CH

Celeste H. Finney

Louisiana State University Agricultural Center
NA
CB

Crystal Besse

Louisiana State University Agricultural Center
NA
JA

Jacey A. Wesley

Louisiana State University Agricultural Center
NA
TB

Tyne Bankester

Louisiana State University Agricultural Center
NA
Friday September 27, 2024 2:15pm - 2:30pm HST
South Pacific 1

2:30pm HST

LOCSY - Enhancing Food Security and Sovereignty: A Case Study of the University of Connecticut Federally Recognized Tribes Extension Program
Friday September 27, 2024 2:30pm - 2:45pm HST
The development of the University of Connecticut (UConn) Federally Recognized Tribes Extension Program (FRTEP) was a response to the need to enhance food security and sovereignty within the Mashantucket Pequot Tribal Nation (MPTN), while also reducing rates of obesity and Type II diabetes as the Tribal community faced food insecurity, alongside alarming rates of health disparities compared to their white counterparts. The program aimed to bolster agricultural capacity on Tribal lands, provide workforce development for Tribal members, and deliver health and nutrition education. Through extensive consultations with Tribal leaders and members, UConn FRTEP tailored programs in agriculture, workforce development, youth engagement, and health education. Since the initiation of the program in 2017 to 2023, Extension educators provided comprehensive training on vegetable and fruit production, integrated pest management, and business planning. Additionally, nutrition workshops, fitness classes, and virtual cooking sessions were conducted, fostering community engagement. Tribal youths engaged in educational activities and field trips designed to enhance agricultural literacy and healthy eating behaviors. To ensure sustainability, youths also participated in “train the trainer” opportunities. Project evaluations included resource inventories, focus groups, and pre/post-program surveys to measure immediate outcomes as well as broader impacts and community perceptions. The establishment of a farm that included hydroponic greenhouses, shipping-container farming, in addition to growing an array of vegetables and fruits on 5 acres by 2023 improved food security and sovereignty within MPTN. The farm produced tomatoes, lettuce, summer squash, winter squash, cucumbers, watermelon, chard, broccoli, potatoes, beans, herbs, and strawberries, supporting food distribution programs reaching 15% (180 members) of the Tribal population in 2022 and 2023. Additionally, in the same period, 30 diabetic patients received prescribed fresh produce from the farm. After completing nutritional education lessons (seven 1-hour long) in 2022, survey results indicated notable improvements among youth participants (n = 17): 60% showed enhanced ability in identifying active children, 50% improved recognition of fruits and dairy foods, and 44% exhibited better proficiency in identifying healthy snacks. Overall, the health of the tribal members improved through the consumption of fresh nutritious food, an increase in the number of tribal members practicing healthy eating habits, and exercise learned through training. The success of the project led to the creation of the MPTN Department of Agriculture. UConn FRTEP significantly strengthened university-tribal relations, exemplifying fruitful collaboration, boosting food security, economics, and health. This model partnership promotes sustainable development, empowering Indigenous communities, fostering resilience, and self-reliance.
Speakers
SG

Shuresh Ghimire

University of Connecticut
NA
Co-authors
EB

Erica Benvenuti

University of Connecticut
NA
JB

Joseph Bonelli

University of Connecticut
NA
MP

Michael Puglisi

University of Connecticut
NA
RR

Robert Ricard

University of Connecticut
NA
ST

Sara Tomis

University of Connecticut
NA
Friday September 27, 2024 2:30pm - 2:45pm HST
South Pacific 1

2:45pm HST

LOCSY - Response of Leafy Edibles Grown on an Extensive Greenroof Compared to Conventional Field Production
Friday September 27, 2024 2:45pm - 3:00pm HST
Urban green roof (GR) agriculture provides an alternative growing space to supply fresh produce and herbs to local markets or restaurants, which can also help to address food security concerns in cities, by providing nutritional produce in urban and often underserved locations. Although many vegetables can be grown on extensive GRs, few studies have evaluated the performance of edibles grown on green roof environments to those grown under typical field conditions. Unlike traditional agriculture, plants on extensive GRs are grown in a shallow engineered soil to reduce the weight load on the roof. Therefore, an experiment was conducted in 2023 on the Southern Illinois University – Carbondale Agriculture building extensive green roof and at the Horticulture Research Center. This experiment evaluated ‘Dazzling Blue’ and ‘Red Russian' Kale [Brassica oleracea (Acephala Group)], and ‘Green Wave’ Mustard (Brassica juncea) productivity in both an extensive green roof environment and open field conditions. Similar cultural practices were followed regarding plant spacing, fertilizer and water management in both systems. The experiment was setup as a CRD with two treatment locations evaluating three edible green varieties with four replications. Results indicated a significant yield cost for these leafy edibles when gown on the greenroof compared to the conventional field environment. Fresh weight of ‘Dazzling Blue’ and ‘Red Russian Kale were reduced by 85% and 80% when grown in the GR environment, respectively, while that for ‘Green Wave’ Mustard was decreased by 70%. Data for other growth variables, such as plant height and vigor, leaf count, and dry weight were also generally reduced in an extensive GR environment and will be presented and discussed further. Although our research indicates that extensive GRs do not provide similar yields for leafy green edibles as conventional field production, this alternative urban space used to grow fresh food for an urban community may more than make up for the loss in yield due to the various significant positive impacts that GRs can provide.
Speakers
KL

Kaitlyn Lamaster

Horticulture Instructor, Southern Illinois University
Co-authors
AW

Alan Walters

Southern Illinois University
HM

Hunter M Christenson

Southern Illinois University
NA
Friday September 27, 2024 2:45pm - 3:00pm HST
South Pacific 1

3:00pm HST

LOCSY - Diverse Internships as an Opportunity to Engage Underrepresented Students Into Local Food Systems
Friday September 27, 2024 3:00pm - 3:15pm HST
Climate change, food insecurity, and environmental degradation are complex food system challenges that require innovative and interdisciplinary approaches to agricultural research and education. In addition to attracting and training more students to food system and agricultural careers, there is a critical need for targeted recruitment of under-represented groups. To meet the demand for skilled professionals and increase minority participation in the agricultural workforce, the Center for Environmental Farming Systems (CEFS) has been developing new internship programs that reflect the changing career paths, as well as diverse interests and needs of students. Over the past five years, CEFS has strategically redesigned and expanded our student internship opportunities. In 2023, CEFS hosted 5 different student internship programs with 37 students with opportunities that ranged from summer research intensives to remote year round opportunities where students worked with food based community nonprofits. Key aspects of all of our internship programs include paid work opportunities, experiential learning, mentorship, professional development opportunities and cohort based learning. All student participants participated in pre- and post tests designed to collect program evaluation, participant knowledge and skills gains, as well as participants' intended career choices. Over the past three years, more than 50% of all program participants were from underrepresented minority groups. Additionally, 54% of interns reported that program participation led to a career pursuit in agriculture or food systems. Short term follow up studies to date show the majority of participants are either working in agriculture or food systems or completing additional studies in a related field. By engaging these diverse undergraduate students in hands-on, agriculture and food system research and extension opportunities while providing structured professional development training, we have increased underrepresented student interest and capacity to pursue careers in agriculture and food systems.
Speakers
AC

Angel Cruz

North Carolina State University
Research Scholar at NC State University
Co-authors
SK

Sara Kidd

North Carolina State University
NA
Friday September 27, 2024 3:00pm - 3:15pm HST
South Pacific 1

3:15pm HST

LOCSY - Food Policy and Food Security
Friday September 27, 2024 3:15pm - 3:30pm HST
Food policy and food security are two areas crucial to the success and health of many around the world. They take the commitment, hard work, and perseverance of many stakeholders from producer to consumer to legislation. Furthermore, as the population of the world continues to expand, an increase in production does not necessarily correlate to increased accessibility to healthy quality produce, building or support of local food systems or communities. Although methods can be implemented on a small community level, there are many opportunities to create more hospitable environments for horticultural production in Oklahoma. This leads to the current project to evaluate the state of the state’s food policy and plans for food security in hopes of providing strategies to best advise legislation and to ease barriers local producers experience through their advocacy. Additionally, as extenuating factors play into food security, it is important to factor in other areas of concern in policy and available resources, such as economics and regional factors. This presentation follows the research and analysis of the master’s project. Food policy is essential in supporting local producers, whether through resources, addressing barriers, or creating a pro-agricultural environment. Food policy also lead into many additional factors such as accessibility, especially for underserved populations, and the creation of healthier, more aware, and sustainable communities.
Speakers
SD

Sophia Darrow

Oklahoma State University
Co-authors
JM

Justin Moss

Oklahoma State University
NA
Friday September 27, 2024 3:15pm - 3:30pm HST
South Pacific 1

3:30pm HST

LOCSY - Sustainable Small Plot Farming and Entrepreneurship Training Program
Friday September 27, 2024 3:30pm - 3:45pm HST
In response to growing concerns of food insecurity within our communities in the big bend region of Florida, Tallahassee State College in partnership with the City of Tallahassee established a training program to empower emerging farmers. This innovative program equips participants with the necessary skills and knowledge to efficiently and sustainably cultivate fruits and vegetables using organic and permaculture practices. The primary aim is to enable individuals to utilize small plots of land effectively, thereby fostering self-sufficiency and contributing to the local food community. The program was conceived as a direct countermeasure to the challenges of food scarcity and the underutilization of available land for food production. By focusing on small-scale, sustainable farming, the initiative seeks to transform even limited spaces into productive market gardens. This approach not only addresses immediate food production needs but also promotes long-term environmental stewardship through sustainable agricultural practices. A distinctive feature of the program is its partnership with local farms, which provides a practical, hands-on learning environment for participants. These collaborations are vital for the integration of theoretical knowledge with real-world farming experiences, enhancing the learning process. Historically, the program supported learners through paid apprenticeships, allowing them to earn while they learn. Since its launch, various sponsors have funded the program, offering scholarships that eliminate cost barriers. Presently, it’s supported by a USDA AFRI Agricultural Workforce Training grant, which includes equipment stipends and industry-recognized certifications. These additions aim to further support and broaden the participants' success in the agricultural sector. The certifications serve as a formal acknowledgment of their technical proficiency and a steppingstone towards further career opportunities in agriculture. Through its comprehensive curriculum, this program not only teaches participants how to grow food but also instills entrepreneurial skills necessary for starting and managing a market garden. This dual focus ensures that graduates are well-prepared to either enter the agriculture industry or start their own farming ventures. Ultimately, this program strives to create a network of skilled, knowledgeable farmers who are capable of contributing to their communities by increasing local food production and enhancing food security. By doing so, it supports not only the participants and their families but also enriches the broader local food ecosystem. The ongoing success of the program underscores its significance as a vital educational resource in the fight against food insecurity through sustainable agriculture.
Speakers
AH

Alexis Howard

Insturction and Project Coordinator, Tallahassee State College
Alexis is an environmental professional with a focus on agriculture education and entrepreneurship training. After earning a bachelor’s degree in Environmental Science and Policy from the Florida State University (FSU), Alexis acquired a job as a Program Assistant at Tallahassee... Read More →
Friday September 27, 2024 3:30pm - 3:45pm HST
South Pacific 1
 


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