Changing climate patterns challenge the long-term health and survivability of common mid-Atlantic U.S. tree species, including climax species such as oaks, elms, and beeches. Evidence of tree loss in natural and managed ecosystems and residential areas demonstrates the need for public gardens to consider alternative species that will adapt to changing conditions, maximize carbon sequestration, and provide aesthetic value. University-affiliated Rutgers Gardens has long served to demonstrate landscape best practices and species selection for students, industry professionals, and homeowners; additionally, carbon sequestration has become a primary function. Continuing a tradition of education, Rutgers Gardens is creating a Native Trees teaching collection including over one hundred native species selected for their ecosystem functions, ecological niche, and landscape aesthetics, on an approximately four-acre site with the goal of maximizing carbon sequestration and educational value. Selected specimens include those native to New Jersey and the wider mid-Atlantic region and/or southeastern United States. This allows for a comprehensive collection that supports larger ecosystem functions, especially as tree species composition in the broader region is likely to shift with time. As major tree species are lost due to climate-influenced changes in pest, disease, and environmental pressures, preparing for continuous carbon sequestration by including species likely to thrive in our changing climate will maximize the environmental benefit. By including a mix of small, medium, and large (at maturity) trees, the design maximizes ecosystem niches occupied throughout the planting area and provides a comprehensive demonstration for students, homeowners, and industry professionals, modeling native trees for consideration in landscape plantings throughout the state. Specimens include straight species, as well as cultivars within the genera to demonstrate variability in true native trees and “nativars,” or cultivars of native trees. A density of approximately 25 trees per acre planted allows for the integration of new trees with existing specimens, including trees and shrubs that represent historical iterations of present-day Rutgers Gardens, and accommodates the design of accessible paths and gathering spaces between plantings to maximize educational opportunities. Public gardens present many opportunities for education and demonstration, especially within a university setting. Yet, challenges exist when considering complex land use history, student and faculty needs, visitor expectations, and the interests of diverse stakeholders such as members, volunteers, and staff of public gardens. Lessons learned include the importance of positive and clear communication among stakeholders to ensure project benefits are recognized and shared for educational and ecological success in public spaces.
